烟用接装纸中铬赋存形态分析

建立了高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用(HPLC-ICP-MS)快速测定Cr3+和Cr6+的铬形态分析的方法,铬形态有效分离可控制在3 min以内,Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)检出限分别达0.54和1.1μg/L。建立了基于PFA自密闭罐的低压密闭消解进行有机铬和总铬的快速、简洁样品前处理方法,以2 mL HNO3为氧化介质,在120℃消解2 h,可实现有机/无机总铬消解完全。以乙酸乙酯为提取剂,实现了有机铬的超声辅助快速提取。研究表明,接装纸中铬主要以高度固化的有机铬形式存在,有机铬含量约占总铬含量的85%～95%。     

Development of a simple and fast ultrasound-assisted extraction method for trace element determination in tobacco samples using ICP-MS

The current study describes a simple and fast method for the determination of Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni and Pb in tobacco samples. Commercial cigarettes obtained from local market stores were analysed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after ultrasound-assisted extraction in acidic medium, and the results were compared to those obtained following microwave-assisted digestion of the samples. The sonication time was evaluated from 0 to 60 min, and a 30 min extraction time was selected. The concentration of HNO₃ was also optimised at 0.7 mol L^?1. In order to verify the accuracy of the proposed method, a certified reference material was submitted to the same extraction protocol adopted for the samples, and good agreement with the certified values was obtained at a 95% confidence level, except for Co. The extraction of Pb was also semi-quantitative. A total of four tobacco samples were analysed, with concentrations ranging from 0.4 for Cr to 214.6 µg g^?1 for Mn. The proposed method was demonstrated to be fast, sensitive, precise and accurate for the determination of Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn an Ni and for the semi-quantitative analysis of Co and Pb in tobacco samples.     

氧化石墨烯改性活性炭纤维滤除卷烟主流烟气的释放物

研究了卷烟滤嘴中添加氧化石墨烯(GO)改性活性炭纤维(ACF)复合材料对卷烟主流烟气释放物的滤除作用。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和比表面积测定对材料进行分析,结果显示GO均匀地负载在ACF表面;与原ACF相比,GO-ACF材料的O1s峰向低结合能移动,峰形平滑,同时表面积和总孔容变大。添加GO-ACF至滤嘴的卷烟,其苯酚、氰化氢和醛酮类的释放量均比只添加ACF的卷烟释放量低,且除乙醛外均比原样降低10%以上,其中苯酚和巴豆醛的降幅达26.7%和33.1%。对烟气释放物的滤除机制研究表明,在ACF表面修饰上GO后,材料表面含有丰富的羟基、羧基、碳氧和共轭基团,活性位点增多,易与烟气中的共轭分子和极性分子发生作用。该方法量少高效,为GO二维纳米材料在卷烟领域的应用奠定了基础。     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱法测定烟用水基胶中丙烯酰胺

建立了采用固相萃取-超高液相色谱/紫外检测测定烟用水基胶中丙烯酰胺的分析方法。样品经超纯水进行超声提取,固相萃取柱进行富集净化后,经HSS T3色谱柱分离,以甲醇和水为流动相等度洗脱,紫外检测,外标法定量。结果显示,丙烯酰胺在浓度0.01~20.0μg·mL-1范围内有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9999。丙烯酰胺三个不同浓度的加标回收率为91.7%~105.1%;相对标准偏差为1.3%~4.7%(n=6);检出限为3.5μg·L-1。该方法分析时间短、结果准确可靠,满足烟用水基胶中丙烯酰胺的测定。     

烟用接装纸质控样品的制备与应用

采用深珠光印字烟用接装纸作为质控样品,用微波消解处理质控样品,以电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP–MS)对样品的铬、砷、铅含量进行定值,并进行不确定度评定。利用方差分析评价均匀性,ADF检验评价稳定性。经F检验表明在95%的置信区间,制备的烟用接装纸质控样品均匀性良好;经ADF检验表明,各元素在1%的显著水平下稳定可靠,样品稳定性良好。将烟用接装纸质控样品用于质控,并绘制Levy–Jennings质控图,质控效果良好。     

New synthesis of serricornin,the sex pheromone of the cigarette beetle (Lasioderma serricorne)

A new approach to the total synthesis of serricornin, the sex pheromone of the cigarette beetle, based on readily available (4S,5E)-4-methyhept-5-enenitrile was implemented.     

Design of a microprocessor-controlled automated injection system for the analysis of gas phase cigarette smoke using glass capillary columns

An automatic injection system for the analysis of gas phase smoke has been designed and evaluated using the microprocessor-controlled Hewlett-Packard 5830 gas chromatograph. The cryogenic preconcentration trap was constructed from relatively inexpensive and readily available materials. It was determined that the use of the preconcentration trap, as opposed to condensing the smoke on the head of the cold (-50°C) chromatographic column, significantly enhanced the resolution of the more volatile gas phase components. Data are presented which illustrate the injection system characteristics. In addition, chromatograms of gas phase smoke are presented which demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique.     

流动注射在线预富集-高效液相色谱法测定水中的4-壬基酚和双酚A

建立了以香烟过滤嘴作吸附剂,在线固相萃取(SPE)与高效液相色谱(HPLC)联用测定水中双酚A(bisphenol A,BPA)和4-壬基酚(4-nonylphenol,4-NP)的方法。对于高效液相(HPLC)在线固相萃取而言,采用内置香烟过滤嘴的预富集圆形柱来代替传统的高效液相仪中的注射管进样环用于在线固相萃取。通过流动注射仪将样品分析物负载加入到预富集柱中,随后采用V(甲醇):V(H2O)=93:7混合液为洗脱剂对富集的样品分析物进行洗脱。采用Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱,V(甲醇):V(H2O)=93:7混合液为流动相,流速为1.0mL/min,紫外检测波长为227nm,保留时间定性,外标法定量。双酚A在0.005～0.8mg/L、4-壬基酚在0.04～8.0mg/L范围内,两者峰面积与浓度呈线性关系,相关系数分别为0.9985和0.9983,检出限(S/N=3)分别为2.1和10.0μg/L,富集倍数分别为816和346倍。对标准混合物(BPA:0.2mg/L;4-NP:2.0mg/L)重复测量11次的相对标准偏差为2.3%和1.5%。本方法用于当地河流水样中BPA和4-NP的测定,回收率为93.2%～105.4%。     

The pH dependent interaction between nicotine and simulated pulmonary surfactant monolayers with associated molecular modelling

Pulmonary surfactant is an endogenous material that lines and stabilises the alveolar air–liquid interface. Respiratory mechanics can be compromised by exposure to environmental toxins such as cigarette smoke, which contains nicotine. This study aims to determine the influence of nicotine on the activity of simulated lung surfactant at pH 7 and pH 9. In all cases, the addition of nicotine to the test zone caused deviation in surfactant film performance. Importantly, the maximum surface pressure was reduced for each system. Computational modelling was applied to assess key interactions between each species, with the Gaussian 09 software platform used to calculate electrostatic potential surfaces. Modelling data confirmed either nicotine penetration into the two‐dimensional structure or interfacial/electrostatic interactions across the underside. The results obtained from this study suggest that nicotine can impair the ability of pulmonary surfactant to reduce the surface tension term, which can increase the work of breathing. When extrapolated to gross lung function, alveolar collapse and respiratory disease (e.g. chronic airway obstruction) may result. The delivery of nicotine to the (deep) lung can cause a deterioration in lung function and lead to reduced quality of life. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

有机酸对卷烟感官风格和品质的影响研究

测定了25种成品卷烟的15种有机酸含量,采用逐步回归分析法建立了卷烟感官风格品质与有机酸之间的关系模型。根据逐步回归模型选择的变量,评价影响卷烟香韵表现与感官品质的关键有机酸成分。将回归模型成功地应用于试制卷烟香韵表现和感官品质得分预测,证明了模型的有效性及有机酸对卷烟香韵表现和感官品质的解释能力。研究结果表明,异戊酸、丙二酸、苯乙酸和柠檬酸等有机酸对卷烟香韵表现或感官品质存在正面或负面的不同影响。